Human Resource Planning - 595 Words

Human Resource Planning The function that I will explore in depth is Marks and Spencer human resource planning primarily concerned with the organisation possessing sufficient numbers of employees and of the right standard. The four main purposes of the human resource planning function are:  · Marks and Spencer establish clear links between organisational objectives and human resource plans so that successful co-ordination of the two can be set out.  · To give appropriate quality of work to the employee of most value to the business.  · The flourishing equal opportunities policy within Marks and Spencer therefore creating a complete profile of internal staff.  · The efficient control†¦show more content†¦On the other hand less staff may be hired resulting in too few employees overstretching thus causing ill feeling, de-motivation and possibly costly legal disputes. Internal and external plan for human resources, Marks and Spencer will require a great deal of data and other information from internal workforce and externally from the availability of the skilled labour. Over a period of time Marks and Spencer will gather a comprehensive profile on its employees past and present. This will also include the following: * The number of employees departing the organisation within the next year into account age, qualifications and skills either through resignation or retirement or even dismissal * The number of staff joining the organisation within the next year * The reason for staff leaving the organisation in addition to the time spent with Marks and Spencer. * The average time taken off by the workforce due to sickness, maternity, bereavement or other factors. The factors above are used to determine the rate of labour turnover; this is a measurement of the rate existing employees leave Marks and Spencer. If the rate of labour turnover increases employees are on average spending less time in employment within Marks and Spencer. An unnecessaryShow MoreRelatedHuman Resources Planning And Human Resource Planning1603 Words   |  7 PagesHuman resource handle administrative functions in an organisation and Human resource planning expand strategies for relating the skills and size of manpower to enterprise needs. In simple words the planning system makes recruitment, gives training and restructures the staff requirement to meet the organisational goals and changes within the environment. Human resource planning is a paramount component of Human resource management. B.J Smith (1992) describes that Human resource planning is the legalRead MoreHuman Resources Planning : Human Resource Planning Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pages Human Resource planning Name: Institution: Human Resource planning I am Juanita Espinosa, a young professional practising the human resource profession in an administrative capacity for the first time. The organisation that I am working with now is a non- profit one whose mission is to ‘stamp out hunger among the young and elderly in our lifetime.’ I am faced with several challenges at my new posting with the organization at the point of closure. I have the responsibility of identifyingRead MoreHuman Resource Planning : Strategic Human Resources Planning1487 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion #1: Define and explain the significance of the term ‘derived demand’ as it applies to Strategic Human Resources Planning. (5 marks) The term ‘derived demand’ is used to describes how the changes in demand for one product could either increase or decrease the demand for another product. An example of this occurring could be within the automotive industry. If the demand of vehicles increase so does the raw materials to make them and vice versa. This happens because the demand of vehiclesRead MoreHuman Resource Planning And Human Resources2006 Words   |  9 Pagesdevelopment of human resource planning firm employees to find is very important. Aim to achieve the organization in this way it should be internal or external supply to assess whether labor supply. With the needs of the firm s main specialty AD-workers describe the job analysis, there should be. Today s executives of particular concern for the effective and acurate in human resource planning for the needs of internal and external supply of labor. Human Resource planning is the planning which canRead MoreHuman Resource Planning1429 Words   |  6 Pages1. What is Human resource planning? Human resource planning links people management to the organization, mission, vision, goals, and objectives as well as its strategies plan and budgetary resources. A key goals of HRP is to get the right number of people with the right skills, experiences and competencies in the right jobs at the right time at the right cost. 2. What is strategic planning? Strategic planning is the process of taking inputs (information), organizing and making sense of thatRead MoreHuman Resource Planning3781 Words   |  16 PagesHuman Resource Planning (3rd Class) Definition: The ongoing process of systematic planning to achieve optimum use of an organizations most valuable asset - its human resources. The objective of human resource (HR) planning is to ensure the best fit between employees and jobs, while avoiding manpower shortages or surpluses. 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Items discussed in this chapter were the importance of human resource management in an organization, the planning process for human resources, how a manager needs to be familiar with U.S. federal laws and regulations, the steps in the employment process, and current issues faced by human resources. According to Dunlap Garvin (2010), good employees can be the key to success in an organization. A human resources department has several importantRead MoreHuman Resource Planning2071 Words   |  9 PagesPrevious decades have seen considerable changes within implementation of human resource planning. The following report has been devised in order to analyse occurrence and reasoning of these changes. 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Contemporary Education Support The Learning Requirements...

Contemporary Education: A Need to Modify Educational Standards to Support the Learning Requirements of Introverted and Extroverted Students Equally. Many societies have been trained to listen and relate to the louder voice, and respond to dominant behavior demonstrated by an individual; often named a leader. Humans possess the innate ability to respond to the output stimulus of their environment, specifically other people; therefore, the greater the stimulus, the greater reaction. Humans tend to associate dominant behaviors with authority figures or leaders. This model of organized human behavior often leaves the quiet individuals in a crowd unheard; their thoughts and solutions are rarely heard or mentioned. Their ideas are perceived as†¦show more content†¦Contemporary educational systems derived from the late 19th century advocate learning practices and environments that support the success of extroverted students, while disregarding the significance of the independent learning proficiencies and methods of introverted students. Carl Jung, a Swiss, psychologist, began his professional career 1900; starting out as an assistant to Eugen Bleuler at the University of Zurich where he focused much of research on the unconscious mind and its parameters that he labeled as â€Å"complexes† (â€Å"Carl Gustav Jung†). In 1916, Jung published his finding â€Å"Two Essays on Analytical Psychology,† and â€Å"Psychological Types,† which described psychological typology, where the terms of: extro- and introversion originate (â€Å"Carl Gustav Jung†). Jung’s â€Å"Red Book,† a compilation of his works his regarded as â€Å"one of the most important publications of modern psychology† (â€Å"Carl Gustav Jung†). Carl Jung had a significant impact on psychological research, which was explained in further detail by the implementation of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Katherine Briggs and Isabel Myers formulated a detailed extension of Jung’s theory of psychological types in 1943; the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator or, MBTI. The instrument is an assessment of 16 general possible personality combinations

Ethical Dilemma in Health Care-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Ethical dilemma in health care. Answer: Introduction: Patient education can be considered one of the prime importance when providing safe, effective and person centred care to the patients. It has to be mentioned that patient education had been central to the nursing practice philosophies, and according to the nursing practice standards providing adequate information, specially relating diagnoses, has become a crucial ethical aspect of holistic health care practice (Tariman, Doorenbos, Schepp, Singhal Berry, 2014). However, it has to be mentioned in this context that there are many scenarios and challenges that can arise that complicates effective information sharing with the patients. For instance, in cases of palliative or critical care settings, providing authentic diagnostic information to the patients can be counterproductive to optimal health and welfare of the patients (McCarthy Gastmans, 2015). This essay will focus on a case study that represents an ethical dilemma concerning patient information sharing in the palliative canc er care setting. Case description and fundamental ethical principles: The case study selected for this assignment represents a middle-aged female patient diagnosed with gastric carcinoma had been admitted to the health care facility for the purpose of operatic reduction of stenosis, however her prognosis reveals that she is going to survive only three to six months. However, the professional ethical dilemma in the case study arises with the fact that the patient had not been informed about the diagnostic condition that she had been suffering with. The rationale that the patient family members provide was the fact that she had a phobia of the term cancer, and her family members had expressed desires of keeping the diagnostic information from the patient to save her from being traumatized and scared in the last few months of her life. Considering the morality of the family members, their decision to spare the patients of the grief, the preconceived fears, and trauma by telling her about her condition can be considered morally correct (Matsuyama, Kuhn, Mo lisani Wilson-Genderson, 2013). However, in case of the nursing professional providing care to the patient, this situation represents a great professional ethical dilemma. The ethical principles of autonomy, non-maleficence and beneficence apply to this case scenario. Ethical theories: In order to decide the best course of action in this case the help of two core and ethical theories can be taken. The very first theory that can be associated with this case scenario is the consequentialist theory, the actions of any individual can only be considered as right or wrong when the consequence of the action is considered with the actions taken (Li et al., 2011). On a more simplified note, this theory justifies actions as right if the consequences of the said actions are right. According to this theory, the decision of the family members of the patient to not convey to her the diagnosis and possible consequences can be justified as right decision, given the fact that the consequence of the action saved the patient from the terror and grief of the cancer prognosis. On the other hand, the deontological theory states that there are some actions or decision that are inherently good regardless of the consequences that they arrive to. According to this theory, conveying the trut h to the patient regardless of any consequences it may have is an essential duty of the health care professional (Chen Schonger, 2017). It has to be mentioned in this context that NMBA codes of nursing ethics and professional conduct are based on this theory; hence, the possible course of action for the patent must also abide by this theory as well. Analysis of rights of different parties involved: According to the NMBA standards of professional ethics, the major ethical principles include autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice, veracity and fidelity (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2018). Each principle guides the health care professionals to decide their course of action while maintaining the professional ethics and integrity. The principles of autonomy, non maleficence and beneficence are related to the case study effectively. On a more elaborative note, the principle of autonomy states that the patients rights to self-determination should be respected at all costs. This principle dictates that the patients must be able to control the decision-making involving them and be able to have all information regarding their own health and wellbeing. Under the ethical code of practice of autonomy it is mentioned that any health care practices only acceptable when it does not adversely affect the rights of others. It has to be mentioned that autonomy as an ethical code incorporates optimal respect for different individuals did patients on their family members and their personal space and need for empowerment. Whereas the family members of the patient had a right to protect the psychological well-being and hope of the patient, the patient on the other hand had equal rights to have the correct and authentic information about the diagnosis and the treatment fate that he she might have (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. 2018). The ethical code of autonomy is also reflected in the health law, most importantly in relation where the right of a patient's to consent to any treatment procedure before the patient is taken to the procedure is an optimal health law and along with that it is a lawful right of a patient to receive authentic informat ion about his prognosis and his treatment. Hence, despite the patient family members plea to hide the diagnostic information about the patient, the ethical practice within health care law mandates informing the patient rightfully. The next ethical principle that can be associated with the case study is the principle of non maleficence. This code emphasizes on not doing any harm about everything and is considered a very strong principle in terms of healthcare. This principle is based on a fundamental idea that the duty of care in any nursing professionals responsibilities is that if the nursing professional is not able to do any good at least they should not be involved in any practices that will harm the patient. When considering this article code of practice, economic and face the decision making of the nursing profession. Informing the patient about her cancer diagnosis has little chances of doing her any good but it can be potentially harmful to her psych and mental health (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. 2018). The third and most interesting ethical practice code can be considered the beneficial which has been pegged as the chemical code of practice that motivates most of the healthcare professionals. The ethical code explains that it is very important for business and professional still remember that what is considered good or harmful information might vary vastly depending on the personal perception and preferences of the patient. Elaborating more, it can be mentioned that it relies completely on the patient and her own decisions whether any information reveal to her will be beneficial or harmful. Hence, based on the codes of Autonomy and beneficence, it can be stated that the patient had right to decide whether the information about her diagnosis is good or bad, however everything, she had the right to know the truth. Conclusion: On a concluding note, it has to be mentioned that the patient already had been in anxiety, unrest due to not understanding what was being kept from her, and why she was not being told what her prognosis was. It has to be mentioned that in this case, the anxiety and helplessness can be detrimental to her psychological health further deteriorating her condition. And as per the principles of the nursing professional ethics, the patient had every right to know the truth of her diagnosis, so that she can be empowered even in the face of such a devastating disease and can peacefully say her goodbyes to her loved ones before her eventual demise. References: Aitamaa, E., Leino-Kilpi, H., Puukka, P., Suhonen, R. (2010). Ethical problems in nursing management: the role of codes of ethics.Nursing ethics,17(4), 469-482. Doi: 10.1177/0969733010364896 Chen, D. L., Schonger, M. (2017). Social preferences or sacred values? theory and evidence of deontological motivations. Retrieved from https://users.nber.org/~dlchen/papers/Social_Preferences_or_Sacred_Values.pdf Kalajtzidis, J. (2013). Ethics of social consequences as a contemporary consequentialist theory.Ethics Bioethics (in Central Europe),3(3-4), 159-171. Retrieved from https://www.unipo.sk/public/media/25954/Ethics%202013%203-4%20final.pdf#page=53 Li, P. W., So, W. K., Fong, D. Y., Lui, L. Y., Lo, J. C., Lau, S. F. (2011). The information needs of breast cancer patients in Hong Kong and their levels of satisfaction with the provision of information.Cancer Nursing,34(1), 49-57. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181ef77a0 Matsuyama, R. K., Kuhn, L. A., Molisani, A., Wilson-Genderson, M. C. (2013). Cancer patients information needs the first nine months after diagnosis.Patient education and counseling,90(1), 96-102. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2012.09.009 McCarthy, J., Gastmans, C. (2015). Moral distress: A review of the argument-based nursing ethics literature.Nursing Ethics,22(1), 131-152. Doi: 10.1177/0969733014557139 Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Home. (2018).Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 7 February 2018, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au Tariman, J. D., Doorenbos, A., Schepp, K. G., Singhal, S., Berry, D. L. (2014). Information needs priorities in patients diagnosed with cancer: a systematic review.Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology,5(2), 115. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4042668/

Maya Angelou Essays - I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou A poet, an author, a play-write, an actress, a mother, a civil-rights activists, historian and most important a survivor. Perhaps Maya Angelou, award winning author of many books is one of the most influential African Americans in American history. I believe that she rates at the top of the list of American authors, with Hemingway, Hawthorne, and Voight. I believe through my research and reading of Maya Angelou that she should be among the members of The American Authors Hall of Fame. Maya was born on, April 4th, 1928 as Marguerite Johnson, in St. Louis Missouri. She was raised in Stamps Arkansas, by her Grandmother Annie Henderson and Her Uncle Willie. Stamps was a rural segregated community. However, it was tight knit between the African Americans. Maya grew up during a very difficult time period in American history. They were just recovering from the Great Depression, and learning how to deal with different races of people. Maya knew this and made it clear in her writing. "It was awful to be Negro and have no control over my life. It was brutal to be young and already trained to sit quietly and listen to charges brought against my color with no chance of defense. We should be dead. I thought I should like to see us all dead, one on top of each other. A pyramid of flesh with the whit folks on the bottom, . . . and then the Negro's." (Angelou Caged Bird 153) "If growing up was painful for the Southern Black Girl, being aware of her displacement is the rust on the razor that threatens the throat." (Angelou, Caged Bird) Page 2 Grandma Henderson was a very religious person, and a key factor in Maya's upbringing. as with the rest of the people of Stamps. Maya and her brother Baily were punished as necessary. She kept Baily and Maya out of trouble and on the right track. "A devout woman Grandmother Henderson led her family in prayer each day at 4:00am." (Aging and Human Development 181) When Maya was about six, she and Baily moved to St. Louis to live with her mother, and her boyfriend, Mr. Freeman. While staying in St. Louis, she was raped by Mr. Freeman. Afterwards, Mr. Freeman was killed. Maya was certain that her voice had the power to kill, after all, she was the one that told on him, so Maya became mute for the next two years. After returning to Stamps, a woman by the name of Bertha Flowers brought Maya out of her mute. "Mrs. Flowers she had the grace of control to appear warm in the coldest of weather... she acted just as refined as the white folks." (Angelou, Caged Bird 76-78) Mrs. Flowers brought the works of Shakespeare, Hawthorne, and many others to Maya. Mrs. Flowers made her read and recite the verses. Maya was about 11, Grandma Baxter moved her and Baily to San Francisco, California to escape to racial fights in the south. Maya was just as mystified with her mother now as when she first meets her in St. Louis. Maya would go to see her father every so often, until one summer he asked Maya to live with him for the summer. Maya's father often took trips to Mexico on the weekend. Maya went with him on one, just to find herself driving her drunken father home. When Maya returned home, she got into an awful fight with her father's girlfriend. Maya then ran away, became homeless, and lived in a junkyard. One year after Maya became homeless, she returned home with her mother. Maya Page 3 attended secondary school, and found herself a job being the first black conductorette on the San Francisco street cars. This was a great accomplishment in Maya's mind, she had done something that no one else has ever done. Maya was now about 16 years of age, and curious about sex. She thought that maybe she was lesbian, so to find out, she had sex with a friend, and ended up pregnant. Maya was only 16 years old. She was now the Mother of Guy Johnson. Maya moved to West Africa, and took up the job as a professor at The University of Ghana.

Hatchet1 essays

Hatchet1 essays The theme of the story Hatchet is determination, perseverance and survival. Brian Robeson, whose parents are divorced, flies to visit his father in Canadian wilderness. His pilot has a heart attack and dies. Brian managed to land the plane in a lake, and escape unharmed. Now comes the hard part, surviving in the wilderness until rescued. He does have one tool to help him, a hatchet that his mother had given him as a gift. He will have to use it, his own determination, imagination, perseverance and common sense to survive. This flight to see his father in the Canadian wilderness is Brains first time in an airplane. He explains this to the pilot and tells him that he is scared. The pilot feels sorry for Brian and decides to show him that flying is not very difficult. He lets Brian take the steering control and direct the line of flight for awhile. Just when Brian thinks that everything is going well, the pilot has a heart attack and dies. Brian knows he must land the plane himself or die. He tries to use the radio without success. He knows that if he hits the trees, he can die, so he decides to land in the water of a lake. When the plane is in the water, he gets out through a window. He lay on the bank of the lake for a while to rest. Brian knew he needed food and shelter to survive so he set out to find both. He was very careful not to get lost or go too far from the lake where his water was. He found a cherry tree and because he was very hungry, he ate his fill. He filled his windbreaker with cherries to eat later and then managed to find a cave for shelter. He slept very well, but in the morning when he awoke, he saw a bear in the cave. He was terrified, because the bear was only about 20 feet away eating his cherries out of his windbreaker. The bear only looked at Brian and then left. The cherries must have been enough to curb his appetite! The discovery of how to make a fire was very ...

Writing Research Paper

Writing Research Paper Writing Research Paper Writing Research Paper A research paper presents your individual work on the definite topic, your investigations and deep analysis of the collected information. A research paper is a unique work because it is based on your own thoughts, the facts and ideas you have gathered from a variety of sources. The research paper is the result of the long process of gathering, interpreting, developing of the ideas and generating conclusions. Research Paper Format While writing research paper, you must be aware of plagiarism issues. Plagiarism means using someone else work and presenting it as your own. One of the ways to avoid plagiarism is to cite sources properly. Once the research paper is written and the sources are cited, you must create a works cited page. If the proper format for citing sources is used, then plagiarism is avoided. A paraphrase is also an important part of research paper writing.   Writing a research paper you should read numerous studies and put them in your own words. It is also considered paraphrasing when you use statistics secondary sources.   It means taking the authors' ideas, summarizing them into your own words and then presenting as supporting information. Paraphrasing is used to summarize paragraphs and main themes. Paraphrasing is also used to cite statistics and other information. A direct quote is used when you use another person's word directly in your research paper. It is important to pay special at tention to direct quotations.   Most of the tutors urge to avoid direct citations. Use a direct quote only when you want the reader to read an important historical line or when information is important to be preserved word by word.   It is enough to use one or two direct quotes in your research paper.   Write a Research Paper When your research paper is already written, make sure your grammar, punctuation and spelling is perfect. Proofread your research paper for any content errors; always write a research paper in the third person. Double check the facts and figures, ask someone else read and proofread your research paper for you. Be sure your investigation corresponds to the research paper topic. We often do not see our own mistakes. Custom Written Research Papers Ordering custom research paper writing service at our site, you receive custom written research paper, free cover page, free outline, free bibliography list, and free plagiarism report.   We guarantee essay money back if we fail to delivered completed research paper prior to deadline.   Entrust your research paper writing to truly professional research paper writers!

No Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

No - Essay Example However, with very few EV cars, the switching cost is relatively low since there are not EV car producers in the world. Better Place also included product differentiation in its endeavours. In the car industry, normally there are numerous cars that are similar. For instance, someone can easily locate a very similar Nissan, Toyota, Mazda or Honda. Nevertheless, if they are looking at amphibious vehicles, then Better Place faces little threat of substitute products or services, which can be considered an extreme example (Etzion & Struben, 2011). Bargaining Power of Customers There are primarily two types of markets that Better Place competes in; the market for outputs, in which the firm sells its products to consumers and the market for inputs, in which the firm buys components, raw materials and financial, as well as labour services (Etzion & Struben, 2011). These transactions establish value for both sellers and buyers in both markets. With regards to the output markets, Better Place experiences the bargaining power of customers whereas, in the input markets, the company experiences the bargaining power of its suppliers. This bargaining power of customers explains how tough the client’s attitude, as well as their position is (Etzion & Struben, 2011). Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers can put to practice their bargaining power through increases prices or dropping the quality of products. Materials such as raw materials or labour are vital to Better Place’s existence (Etzion & Struben, 2011). Therefore, Better Place has developed a dependant relationship with its suppliers. However, such suppliers can take more Better Place’s likely industry potential value if they are more powerful. This can make Better Place’s profitability drop if they cannot transfer the greater costs incurred to their clients. Such suppliers seem to be more powerful because Better Place is a single company. However, if Better Place was composed of a number o f firms, then the suppliers would be less powerful (Etzion & Struben, 2011). Intensity of Competitive Rivalry In the world EV market, the number of developed competitors is over 50, but Better Place is the first of its kind in Israel. Nevertheless, since diverse firm’s product ranges, product positioning, as well as target consumer groups, are fairly diverse and the volume of EVs that are launched are limited, in comparison with the traditional automotive industry, the competitive strength of EV in Israel is fairly low (Etzion & Struben, 2011). However, established competitors around the world can be split into four clusters according to their capital scale, production capacity, product ranger, as well as operation pattern. They can also be large firms or small firms according to their capital size (Etzion & Struben, 2011). Scenario Planning Better Place’s business models could be simply summarised as they buy car batteries, as well as electricity and offer miles, on t he other hand (Etzion & Struben

Marketing plan of a restarant Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing plan of a restarant - Case Study Example Therefore it is important for investors to have knowledge of the target group in regard to the hotel type. For example Urspace Cafà © located in Temple City can arguably be considered a business hotel since it mainly deals with customers seeking day food and breakfast. However, despite the hotel type it important to ensure that the marketing strategies employed are excellent. Excellent hospitality operation is one of the basic marketing strategies applied by in the hotel industry. Hospitality operations go beyond the normal daily greetings as customers enter the premise. Successful hospitality operations involve increased knowledge about the customer base in order to offer the best services without necessarily being prompted to. For starters, waiters and waitresses should have good knowledge of all available foods and beverages to avoid uncertainty when an order is placed. Additionally, they should be aware of the frequently requested food types especially by frequent customers to give room for suggestions. This is also important to ensure that frequently foods and beverages are always present hence eliminating customer disappointments. This improves interactions between the personnel and the customers thereby creating a sense of satisfaction. Additionally, building strong relationships with the customers makes it easy to identify arising problems. This is because loyal customers accustomed to the hotel feel welcomed to give suggestions on improving levels of service. Therefore, in case of a complaint a customer will not opt for another hotel but rather will consider communicating with the personnel so that the problem can be addressed. Additionally, in as much as caution is taken, there is bound to be errors though few thereby prompting a customer’s complaint. Part of excellent hospitality is ensuring complaints and suggestions raised are addressed fast enough and accurately.

Discrimination Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Discrimination Worksheet Essay †¢ What is discrimination? How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? Racial and Ethics Group 13th Edition by Richard T. Schafer defines discrimination as the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or for other arbitrary reasons. Discrimination is different from prejudice and stereotyping because discrimination is the act of excluding a group from some right, privilege, or service which is based upon some form of prejudice or stereotyping. Stereotyping is a generalization of a group of people from a certain race which is usually negative and a prejudice is a first impression of a person which is usually based off a stereotype. Discrimination is actual positive or negative actions towards a person or group based solely on their differences. An example would be an employer not hiring Hispanics because he does not like them. †¢ What are the causes of discrimination? Discrimination is caused by race, religion, gender, ethnicity; this can affect promotions, or even getting the job to begin with. Discrimination is often based on ignorance, fear and stereotypical viewpoints. There are many causes for discrimination. One of which is learned from behavior. If you grew up seeing discrimination practiced by your parents, you will probably follow the same mind-set and this will be passing on through generations and generations of families. Racism is the major cause of Discrimination. It creates a big gap between people the hate for minority groups and the action to oppress them. For example to deny a Hispanic family living in an all-White community. †¢ How is discrimination faced by one identity group (race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, sexual orientation, age, or disability) the same as discrimination faced by another? How are they different? Discrimination at times is something one person cannot control such as age, race or even one’s disability. The similarities are that they are all suffering at the hands of insensitive and ignorant people. To be honest I really do not think there is an actual difference at all in the discrimination faced by one group versus another group. To me discrimination is discrimination. I do not see a difference with discrimination from one person to another person; the only difference is that person’s ethnicity. Someone may not like blacks over Hispanics but when it comes down to it and they had to choose let’s say for example an employment opportunity that person might go along with the black person. That one person might have just picked the black male over the Hispanic male because he does not like Mexicans and now that one person may think all Hispanics are Mexican.

The Non-Sympathetic Character of Byelinkov in The Man in a Case Essay

The Non-Sympathetic Character of Byelinkov in The Man in a Case  Ã‚     It is hard to sympathize with a person who has a complete lack of happiness in their life.   In Wendy Wasserstein's The Man in a Case, Byelinkov lives a dull, uneventful life, which only he is content with.   He performs the exact same routine every day and has rendered this routine almost his entire life.   Byelinkov's tedious life is expressed throughout the play by way of comments made to Varinka, as well as through his daily habits and rituals.   Byelinkov is a Latin and Greek teacher at the local school in the village of Mironitski.   He is well respected and known by many people throughout the village for his extensive knowledge.   Byelinkov translates numerous stories and documents each week and can only concentrate on his work if he is alone, so most of his time is spent in solitude.   Byelinkov is engaged to marry Varinka, whose personality, on the other hand, is completely opposite of his own.   She lives moment by moment, where as he plans out everything.   Varinka has an almost childish personality...

Managing Conflict in a Female Dominated Workplace

Today more companies have opened its doors for women workers than in the past twenty years. More women are having full-time jobs and even holding positions of power and influence in the corporate world. This reality might not have totally eliminated the â€Å"glass ceiling† concept, yet this suggests that the gender discrimination issue is slowly eliminated in the world of work. Women have significantly impacted the corporate world. However, some studies suggest that in women-dominated workplace new challenges can emerge. This is because women interact differently and expect different things from their co-workers than men. Risk of unresolved conflict is also high as women have different approach to dealing with conflict than men. Women’s approach to conflict is usually dictated and influenced by their role in the society, women’s tendency to be judgmental and subjective, and society’s expectations. The groundbreaking book of Phyllis Chesler â€Å"Woman’s Inhumanity to Woman† revealed that women have the tendency to deny that they are competitive, give more importance to relationship and belonging than succeeding, and expect nurture, support, and sympathy from other women. It further revealed women’s subjective perception of criticism and their tendency to judge harshly other women. These behaviors of women are potential source of conflict and can make conflict resolution difficult. Tracy Douglass suggested ways to constructively deal with these behavior of women in the workplace to effectively deal with conflict among them. She said that the ability to recognize exclusionary behavior of women workers and evaluate criticism constructively, make a balance and objective response, making constructive statements that are focused on the problem and not on the person, communication skills, and personal awareness of one’s own behavior are important to be able to effectively manage women workers and also conflict in the workplace. The article of Tracy Douglass presented only a grain of truth about working women  and their behavior that can be a source of challenge and conflict in the workplace. The description sounded more of a social stereotyping than an objective analysis of the causes of conflict in a female dominated workplace and how to manage it. If the analysis presented is true then the percentage of women working will not increase. The â€Å"ever-changing and expanding role of women in the management structure of the modern corporations† (Rue & Byars, 2000, p. 13) proves that companies recognize that women can be effective as men. It proves that women have successfully shown that they are capable of objectively dealing with personal and work issues, as well as achieving competence in their work. Women may have inherent weaknesses but these can be eliminated or use constructively in the workplace given proper mentoring, training and other developmental programs. Nowadays an increasing number of people believe in equality of ability and opportunity of men and women, thus â€Å"more companies use mentoring programs to ensure that women gain skills and visibility needed to move into managerial positions† (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2000, p. 342). The daycare center is not different from other working environment where training, mentoring and other developmental activities are applicable to enhance personal and professional skills of women employees. The daycare center director can turn the described handicap of women workers in dealing with conflict and co-women employees into a blessing because their nurturing, sympathetic and supportive behaviors are what children need from their care providers. It is said that â€Å"hugs like water and food are vital to health and development of infants and children† (Cromie, 1998) and these too give children the sense of belongingness and safety.   The female staffs are generally capable of providing these to the children with warmth, sensitivity and affection so the children will have sound social development. Conflicts among women employees can be avoided if every challenge is taken as an opportunity to develop the employees and the team as a whole. References Cromie, W.J. (1998). Of hugs and hormones. Retrieved January 10, 2007 Noe, R.A., Hollenbeck, J.R., Gerhart, B. & Wright, P.M. (2000). Human resource  management: Gaining a competitive advantage (3rd ed.). Singapore: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Rue, L.W. & Byars, L.L. (2000). Management: Skills and application (9th ed.). U.S.A.: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.         

Do Violent Video Games Cause Behavior Problems

Do you want guns, money and cars? That’s what Call of Duty, War and Grand Theft Auto affect the children. Our children grow up with a lot of technology around them. Some people think violent video games cause behavior problems, but I disagree with them. Some children spend a lot of time playing video games and that affects their brains. Also, they do not differentiate between fantasy and reality. Also, they would not mind if they want shooting first one they see after game.According to CNN news the child who spends more than four hours playing violent video games their became a violent person, because their interacts with game. So every thing they do in the game like killing or stealing, they could do it in real. All these action will be a part of the player’s behavior, which means while they are playing, they are developing aggressive behaviors Children learn very fast and act like what they see in video games. Some video games have good side and help children in diffe rent ways.According to ABC news they have not proven the violent video games cause behavior problem essay writer needed. For example what happened in Newtown, Connecticut a few months ago when a boy killed students in school they found he had mantel diseases. On the other hand video games can teach children high- level thinking skills, because if they want win in any game essay writer for hire, they have to got a good plan and made their brainwork. So these games improve thinking skills. Also, video games make children smart. Because, some video games make the player think very fast to solve problems or had strategy.For example, I bought an Ipad for my kids and I downloaded some good games to teach them English and one day I heard my son sang English song. There are a lot of things made violent person like parents and TV. Parents have a big responsibility to their children. Because they have to take care of them and watch them. For example, a 7 years boy shot his sister with his fat her gun last week in Saudi Arabia. That means the boy saw the gun near him, and he used it. We cannot blame the boy, we blame the father, because he did not care and left his gun near the boy.On the other hand TV also can make a violent person. Every one has a TV in his home and we see a lot of films and programs some of them show killing and stealing car, all of these can make violent children. We have to take care of our children. Because there will build our countries in the future and we do not want murder or killer in our society. In my opinion we have to learn parents who protect their children and take care of them, also we have to control the TV by avoid some channels because some of them show violent in their programs, cartoon films and films.

German Nationalism essays

German Nationalism essays Adolf Hitler was not the first man to drastically implement a strong nationalistic country. However, he was the first to implement a distinct form of nationalism, which imbedded highly raciest overtones for the everlasting purification of an Aryan Germany. Hitlers raciest ideals originated from the German Youth Movement during the inter-war period. In short, the Bundische youth carried nationalistic ideals, which were anti-liberal, anti-Semetic and Volkish, these were the three main characteristics of Hitlers platform for a nationalistic Germany. Hitler strongly believed that any alien race, especially Jews would ultimately destroy Germany. Therefore, he had to find a solution that would cure Germany from any infectious people. Lebensraum (living-space) and autarchy became synonymous to Hitler for the purpose of the growth of nationalism and self-determination. Hitler and the Nazi regime would stop at nothing to achieve the growth of this national aim. Politically, Hitler w ould not have been able to take over Germany if the old regime of the Reichstag was in place. The Nazis quickly forbade any political parties by the use of force. Hitlers sense of a national community could only come to rise by the implementation of the Nazi party and the Nazi party only! Economically, Hitler saved Germany form the Great Depression, only it was at the expense of the Jews. The Nazi party relinquished any economic hopes for the Jews for the growth of the Aryan race. The Third Reich went beyond its territory to achieve economic gain by the destructive and deceitful policy of smash and grab. German Nationalism in the years 1933-1945, were, in an extreme sense, geared toward one race in its manifestations for the growth of the social, political, economic and military aspect for the sole benefit of the Gemeinschaft and the Volksdeutsche. Nationalism in Germany between the years 1933-1945 originated around t...

Pros and Cons of Gun Ownership in the U.S.

Pros and Cons of Gun Ownership in the U.S. About 80 million Americans, representing half of U.S. homes, own more than 223 million guns. And yet, 60% of Democrats and 30% of Republicans favor stronger gun ownership laws. Historically, states have regulated laws governing individual ownership and use of guns. State gun laws vary widely from loose regulations in many southern, western and rural states to restrictive laws in the largest cities. In the 1980s, though, the National Rifle Association increased pressure on Congress to loosen gun control laws and restrictions. In June 2010, however, the Supreme Court struck down Chicagos restrictive gun-control laws, declaring that that Americans in all 50 states have a constitutional right to possess firearms for self-defense. Gun Rights and the Second Amendment Gun rights are granted by the Second Amendment, which reads: A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. All political viewpoints agree that the Second Amendment guarantees the right of the government to maintain an armed militia to protect the nation. But disagreement historically existed as to whether or not it guarantees the right of all persons to own/use guns any place and at any time.. Collective Rights vs. Individual Rights Until the mid-20th century, liberal constitutional scholars held a Collective Rights position, that the Second Amendment only protects the collective right of the states to maintain armed militias. Conservative scholars held an Individual Rights position that the Second Amendment also grants an individuals right to own guns as private property, and that most restrictions on buying and carrying guns impede individual rights. Gun Control and the World The U.S. has the highest rate of gun ownership and of gun homicide in the developed world, per a 1999 Harvard School of Public Health study. In 1997, Great Britain banned private ownership of almost all handguns. And in Australia, Prime Minister John Howard commented after a 1996 mass killings in that country that we took action to limit the availability of funs, and we showed a national resolved that the gun culture that is such a negative in the U.S. would never become a negative in our country. Wrote Washington Post columnist E.J. Dionne in 2007, Our country is a laughingstock on the rest of the planet because of our devotion to unlimited gun rights. District of Columbia vs. Heller Two U.S. Supreme Court rulings, District of Columbia vs. Heller (2008) and McDonald v. City of Chicago (2010), effectively struck down or nullified restrictive gun ownership and use laws for individuals. In 2003, six Washington D.C. residents filed a lawsuit with the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia challenging the constitutionality of Washington D.C.s Firearms Control Regulations Act of 1975, considered among the most restrictive in the U.S. Enacted in response to a horrifically high crime and gun violence rate, the D.C. law outlawed ownership of handguns, except for police officers and certain others. The D.C. law also specified that shotguns and rifles must be kept unloaded or dissembled, and with the trigger locked. (Read more about D.C. gun laws.) The federal District Court dismissed the lawsuit. The six litigants, led by Dick Heller, a Federal Judicial Center guard who wanted to keep a gun at home, appealed the dismissal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for D.C. On March 9, 2007, the federal Appeals court voted 2 to 1 to strike down the dismissal of the Heller suit. Wrote the majority: To summarize, we conclude that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to keep and bear arms... That is not to suggest that the government is absolutely barred from regulating the use and ownership of pistols. The NRA called the ruling a significant victory for individual... rights. The Brady Campaign to Prevent Handgun Violence called it judicial activism at its worst. Supreme Court Review of District of Columbia vs. Heller Both litigants and defendants appealed to the Supreme Court, which agreed to hear this landmark gun rights case. On March 18, 2008, the Court heard oral arguments from both sides. On June 26, 2008, the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 to overturn the restrictive gun laws of Washington D.C., as depriving individuals of their right to own and use a gun in their own home and in federal enclaves, as guaranteed by the Second Amendment. McDonald v. City of Chicago On June 28, 2010, the U.S. Supreme Court resolved anmiguities created by its District of Columbia vs. Heller decision as to whether or not individual gun rights apply to all states, as well. Briefly, in striking down Chicagos strict handgun laws, the Court established, by vote of 5 to 4, that the right to keep and bear arms is a privilege of American citizenship that applies to the States. Background Political focus on U.S. gun control laws has increased since 1968 passage of the Gun Control Act, enacted after the assassinations of John F. and Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. Between 1985 and 1996, 28 states eased restrictions on concealed weapon carrying. As of 2000, 22 states allowed concealed guns to be carried almost anywhere, including places of worship. The following are the federal laws enacted to control/tax guns held by individuals: 1934 - National Firearms Act imposed a tax on the sale of machine guns and short-barrel firearms, in reaction public rage over gangster activity.1938 - Federal Firearms Act required licensing of gun dealers.1968 - Gun Control Act expanded licensing and record-keeping; banned felons and the mentally ill from buying guns; banned the mail order sale of guns.1972 - The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms was created to oversee federal regulation of guns.1986 - Firearms Owners Protection Act eased some gun sale restrictions, reflecting the growing influence of the NRA under President Reagan.1993 - Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act requires gun dealers to run background checks on purchasers. Establishes national database of prohibited gun owners.1994 - Violent Crime Control Act banned the sale of new assault weapons for ten years. The Act was sponsored by Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) and Rep. Carolyn McCarthy (D-NY). the Republican-led Congress allowed the law expire in 2004.2003 - Tiahrt Amendment protects gun dealers and manufacturers from certain lawsuits. 2007 - via the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, Congress closes loopholes in the national database after the mass shooting at Virginia Tech University. (For more info from 1791 to 1999, see A Brief History of Firearms Regulation in America by Robert Longley, About.com Govt Info Guide.) For More Restrictive Gun Laws Arguments in favor of more restrictive gun laws are: Societal needs for reasonable gun control lawsHigh rate of gun-related violence and deathSecond Amendment does not provide for individual gun rights Societal Needs for Reasonable Gun Control The federal, state and  local governments  enact laws to protect and defend the people and property of the U.S. Proponents of more restrictive gun ownership laws contend that under-regulation puts U.S. residents at unreasonable risk. A  1999 Harvard School of Public Health study  revealed that Americans feel less safe as more people in their community being to carry guns, and that 90% believe that regular citizens should be prohibited from bringing guns into most public places, including stadiums, restaurants, hospitals, college campuses and places of worship. U.S. residents have a right to reasonable protection from dangers, including danger from guns. Examples cited include the 2007 Virginia Tech shooting deaths of 32 students and teachers and the 1999 killings at Colorados Columbine High School of 13 students and teachers. High Rate of Gun-Related Crime Americans favoring more restrictive gun ownership/use laws believe that such measures will reduce gun-related crime, homicide and suicide in the U.S. About 80 million Americans, representing 50% of U.S homes, own 223 million guns , easily the highest private gun ownership rate of any country in the world. Gun use  in the United States is associated with the majority of homicides and over half the suicide,  per Wikipedia. More than  30,000  U.S. men, women and children die each year from gunshot wounds, the highest homicide rate from guns in the world. Of those 30,000 deaths, only about  1,500  are due to accidental shootings. Per the Harvard 1999 study, most Americans believe that U.S.  gun violence  and homicide would decrease by reducing the private ownership and use of guns. Constitution Does Not Provide for Individual Gun Rights ... nine federal appeals courts around the nation have adopted the collective rights view, opposing the notion that the amendment protects individual gun rights. The only exceptions are the Fifth Circuit, in New Orleans, and the District of Columbia Circuit,  per the New York Times. For hundreds of years, the prevailing opinion of Constitutional scholars has been that the Second Amendment does not address private gun ownership rights, but only guarantees the collective right of states to maintain militias. For Less Restrictive Gun Laws Arguments in favor of less restrictive gun laws include: Individual resistance to tyranny is a civil right guaranteed by the Second AmendmentSelf defenseRecreational use of guns Individual Resistance to Tyranny Is a Constitutional Right No one disputes that the intended purpose of the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is to empower U.S. residents to resist governmental tyranny. The controversy is whether that empowerment is intended to be on a individual or collective basis. Holders of the  Individual Rights  position, which is considered the conservative stance, believe that the Second Amendment gives private gun ownership and use to individuals as a basic civil right to protection from government tyranny, such as the tyranny faced by the founders of the United States. Per the  New York Times on May 6, 2007: There used to be an almost complete scholarly and judicial consensus that the Second Amendment protects only a collective right of the states to maintain militias. That consensus no longer exists - thanks largely to the work over the last 20 years of several leading liberal law professors, who have come to embrace the view that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to own guns. Self-Defense in Response to Crime and Violence Holders of the  Individual Rights  position believe that allowing increased private ownership and use of guns as self-protection is the effective response to controlling gun violence and homicide. The argument is if gun ownership is legally restricted, then all and only law-abiding Americans will be unarmed, and therefore would be the easy prey of criminals and law-breakers. Proponents of less restrictive gun laws cite a  number of instances in which stringent new laws  resulted in a dramatic increase, not decrease, in gun-related crimes and violence. Recreational Use of Guns In many states, majority of citizens contend that restrictive gun ownership/use laws impede safe hunting and shooting, which to them are important cultural traditions and popular recreational pursuits. For us, guns and hunting is a way of life, said Mr. Helms, the manager of Marstillers Gun Shop (in Morgantown, West Virginia) per the  New York Times on March 8, 2008. In fact, a  bill was recently passed  in the West Virginia legislature to allow hunting education classes in all schools where twenty or more students express interest. Where It Stands Gun control laws are difficult to pass in Congress because gun rights groups and lobbyists wield enormous influence on  Capitol Hill  via campaign contributions, and have had great success in defeating pro-gun control candidates. Explained the Center for Responsive Politics in 2007: Gun rights groups have given more than $17 million in... contributions to federal candidates and party committees since 1989. Nearly $15 million, or 85 percent of the total, has gone to Republicans. The  National Rifle Association  is by far the gun rights lobbys biggest donor, having contributed more than $14 million over the past 15 years. Gun control advocates... contribute far less money than their rivals a total of nearly $1.7 million since 1989, of which 94 percent went to Democrats. Per the Washington Post, in the 2006 elections: Republicans received 166 times as much money from pro-gun groups as from anti-gun groups. Democrats received three times as much from pro-gun as anti-gun groups. Congressional Democrats and Gun Laws A sizeable minority of Congressional Democrats are gun rights advocates, especially among those newly elected to office in 2006. Freshman senators who strongly favor gun rights include  Sen. Jim Webb (D-VA),  Sen. Bob Casey, Jr. (D-PA), and  Sen. Jon Tester (D-MT). Per the NRA, House members newly elected in 2006 include 24 pro-gun rights advocates: 11 Democrats and 13 Republicans. Presidential Politics and Gun Laws Statistically, Americans most likely to own guns are men, whites and southerners... not by coincidence, the demographics of the so-called swing vote that often decides the victors of presidential and other national elections. Former President Barack Obama believes that the country must do whatever it takes to eradicate gun violence... but he believes in an individuals right to bear arms. A full transcript of his 2013 remarks on gun violence are provided by ABC News.. In contrast, U.S. Senator John McCain, reaffirmed his unequivocal support of unfettered gun laws,  saying on the day of the Virginia Tech massacre: I do believe in the constitutional right that everyone has, in the  Second Amendment to the Constitution, to carry a weapon. Following the mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School and subsequent student-led protests in 2018, President Donald Trump tweeted on March 28: THE SECOND AMENDMENT WILL NEVER BE REPEALED!

Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Management - Assignment Example This role is ensured through a number of means including planning, designing, supervising and controlling the process of production (Maloney, 1998). Operations management is highly important in ensuring the achievement of two major goals, which are the effectiveness and efficiency of the business operations. By effectiveness, reference is being made to the fact that it ensures that customer and consumer specifications and expectations are met whiles by efficiency, reference is being made to the need of ensuring that limited available resources are well used to accomplish estimated rate of production. Operations management is needed both in the service and manufacturing sectors but given the fact that the manufacturing sector requires several components of production than the service sector, it would be said that operations management is more needed in the manufacturing industries than in the services sector. After all, in the manufacturing industry, there are more processes to follow , which demand operations management than in the service sector. 2. Discuss the use of PERT/CPM techniques for managing projects. Describe what PERT/CPM does. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of using it. What other techniques might you choose to manage your project? With the advent of technology, there have been a lot more inventions and innovations that have been devised to ensure that project management go on more easily and accessibly. Most of such technologies make use of software that is integrated into existing roles played by project managers. Some of these tasks are statistics and algorithm. With program evaluation and review technique and critical path method, project managers are offered the opportunity to have a digitized versions of statistical and algorithm functioning in project management. More specifically, program evaluation and review technique and critical path method are structured to analyze and symbolize the individual tasks composed in getting the project completed (Maloney, 1998). The advantages associated with these two techniques are that they aid in analyzing the total time needed to finish given tasks. This is so because they analyze all independent tasks involved in the project. Again, they undertake the general scheduling of projects activities. All of these not withstanding; there come disadvantages in the sense that they are hardly scalable for minute projects (Campos and Root, 2006). In the absence of these two, beta distribution and activity diagram could be used to manage projects. 3. What are economies of scale in a manufacturing plant? Do they continue forever? What are diseconomies of scale? How might you decide the optimal size of a plant? In a typical manufacturing plant, the rate of production over time is often fixed. For example, for a given period of time, it is known that on each day, X number of goods will be produced. Due to business growth and decline purposes, there are times that the rates of production wi th changing economic factors. This is where economies of scale and diseconomies of scale come in. basically, economies of scale is said to have been reached or attained when the scale of output increases as the cost per unit declines (Campos and Root, 2006). In such a situation, the resulting short to medium term effect is that revenue and general turnover of the manufacturing plant will increase. Economies of scale often come about because of expansions that lead to several goods and products being produced at lower costs. Economies of scale do not occur forever because of fluctuating growth rate and microeconomic factors. Diseconomies of scale could be said to be the direct opposite of economies of scale

Discuss your most significant academic or personal achievement Essay

Discuss your most significant academic or personal achievement - Essay Example I succeeded to mÐ °intÐ °in multi-tÐ °sk Ð °ctivity Ð °nd Ð °m especiÐ °lly proud to hÐ °ve 4.00 grÐ °de point Ð °verÐ °ge thÐ °t ultimÐ °tely Ð °llowed me to grÐ °duÐ °te Ð °s sÐ °lutÐ °toriÐ °n. I hÐ °ve Ð °lwÐ °ys enjoyed school Ð °nd clÐ °sses Ð °nd tried to tÐ °ke Ð °s much Ð °s it wÐ °s possible from every single lesson. I Ð °m Ð °n Ð °ctive student on clÐ °sses; I Ð °lwÐ °ys tÐ °ke Ð °n initiÐ °tive when it comes to Ð °nswering teÐ °cher’s questions on regulÐ °r clÐ °sses or helping other students to keep up with some subjects. Besides Ð °cÐ °demic excellence, I try to succeed in the theÐ °ter production thÐ °t occupies the mÐ °in pÐ °rt of my extrÐ °-curriculÐ °r Ð °ctivities. I Ð °m currently plÐ °ying Ð ° leÐ °d in â€Å"You’re Ð ° good mÐ °n ChÐ °rlie Brown†. This role tÐ °kes Ð ° lot of efforts, but I do like plÐ °ying. My school, pÐ °rt-time job Ð °nd service job leÐ °ve little time to leÐ °rn the scenÐ °rio thÐ °t is why I hÐ °ve to be reÐ °lly efficient if I wÐ °nt to succeed in the plÐ °y Ð °nd to mÐ °intÐ °in my leÐ °d position. I Ð °m therefore continuously performing under strict deÐ °dlines Ð °nd cÐ °n be eÐ °sily given to stress. However, I mÐ °nÐ °ge my time Ð °nd Ð °ll tÐ °sks Ð °ccording to set priority Ð °nd time of delivery. In my theÐ °tricÐ °l performÐ °nce it is Ð °lso worth mentioning SÐ °n FrÐ °ncisco BÐ °y Ð reÐ ° productions where I pÐ °rticipÐ °ted since the Ð °ge of three. I hÐ °ve therefore completed over fifty productions. My Ð °chievements in theÐ °ter Ð °lso include three rewÐ °rds for the best Ð °cting in Ð °dult legitimÐ °te theÐ °ter. I hÐ °ve been the GrÐ °nd ChÐ °mpion in vocÐ °ls for the StÐ °te of CÐ °liforniÐ ° during five yeÐ °rs: 2001, 2002, 2003 2004 Ð °nd 2006. Not only Ð °m I involved with Ð °cÐ °demic Ð °nd extrÐ ° curriculÐ °r Ð °ctivities; I Ð °m Ð °lso working in Ð ° pizzÐ ° restÐ °urÐ °nt Ð °pproximÐ °tely 20 hours Ð ° week (nÐ °me the work thÐ °t she is hÐ °ving, then it cÐ °n be better described). This employment hÐ °s tÐ °ught me much

Juvenile justice Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Juvenile justice - Thesis Example It is strongly felt that the best institutions that could try child or juvenile offenders need to be Juvenile Courts, and not adult Courts. This is because of the two principal reasons: 2. At their tender age, what is more important is the ability of the system to take correctional and rehabilitative measures to bring the offender back into the mainstream in order to do productive and useful work in future. By incarcerating the child to jail sentences, their future lives are spoiled and even after their sentences are completed, it may be too late to being them back into the mainstream of social life, and thus, later, they would prove burdens for themselves and society and may indulge in large-scale criminal activities due to non-correctional measures. Children and juveniles are not in a position to offer strong defense in adult courts of law because of their cognitive disabilities and other limitations because of which their position would be marginalized in adult Courts and they would not be in a position to defend themselves as well as they could possibly be able to do in Juvenile Courts, which would need to take more compassionate perspective of their crimes and misdemeours and pass judgments, based on individual characteristics of the crime and perceived 'child criminal. The aspect of children being tried in adult Courts is a social problem and s... Judgments need to be based on rehabilitative and correctional therapy and not designed to be punitive based. The aspect of children being tried in adult Courts is a social problem and sociologists, child behavioral specialists and child psychologists need to feel the responsibility of ensuring that the incidence of such cases are kept to the minimum. However, when one has to judge the severity of the crime, especially murder or rape, there needs to be a greater degree of autonomy to be granted to the legal process in trying such serious offenses and meting out punishment to the offenders, whether under-age or adult. This research study would take up the matter of trying children and its short and long-term implications upon society. The research question is: Should children or Juveniles be tried in adult courts Literature Review: In order to understand the progression of this hypothesis, it is necessary to go back to history. The aspects of juvenile Courts are a recent phenomenon. During the 18th Century, an offender who was above 7 years of age would be treated as adults. It was believed during that time that children below 7 years lacked moral capacity, and was thus devoid of giving consent. It has been documented that, before the 20th Century, 10 children below 14 years of age were awarded capital punishment in US for committing heinous crimes. (Stolba, 2001). The combination of child offenders with adult criminals in prison settings created social unrest, so much so that the "Society for the prevention of juvenile delinquents " was formed in 1925. With the primary objective of rehabilitating juvenile offenders. Since the majority of

Theoretical Mass of Ethyl-p Aminohenzoic Acid | Experiment

Theoretical Mass of Ethyl-p Aminohenzoic Acid | Experiment The yield obtained through this experiment is 63 of the theoretical mass of ethyl-p aminohenzoic acid. There are few events that could be improved in order to issue the amount of yield obtained. First of all, the quality of reagent used is relatively small to acquire a good percentage of the product. In order for a greater percentage yield to be attainted this experiment, a great amount of reagent should be used. Beside s, that the product is transferred into too many containers repeatedly. This causes a lost in product between the transfers. Therefore, fewer transfer of product should be done in this experiment to obtain higher percentage of yield. Moreover,. Even though it was only a small portion, it is still decrease the amount of purified yield obtained.. Furthermore, more precautions should be taken while performing recrystallization such as adding as little methanol as possible. The yield can be improved by maximizing the formation of crystals. More crystals can be formed by s cratching the bottom of the Erlenmeyer flask with a glass rod and adding a crystals seed into the solution. To add on, it should be given enough time for crystals to be found while the flask is placed in the ice water bath. Through this, more yields can be acquired. What is the advantage of using absolute ethanol rather than using 95% ethanol in this experiment? If the 95% ethanol was used the little amount of water present in the diluted ethanol can prevent ester formation. This is because easter the presence of water could drive the reaction to the left. i.e. instead of acids becoming esters from the Alkyl group, the esters can become acids because of the hydrogen from the water. Therefore, the use of absolute ethanol is preferred which will drive the reaction to right, rather than using any forms of diluted ethanol that could only negatively influence reaction for ester formation. Why it is important to add the sulfuric acid drop wise to the ethanolic solution of p-aminobenzoic acid? Sulfuric acid has been proven to be the most efficient catalyst for esterification. Water is a product of the esterification reaction, where increase in water quantity would the reverse reaction and decrease the yield of the reaction. But when the reaction is performed in the presence of a concentrated sulfuric acid (hydrophyllic), it will perform as a dehydration agent that will absorb the water molecules by produced from the reaction. So in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst, the reaction will be driven towards the right side, which is preferable to yield more ester. The reason for adding this concentric acid in drop wise is mainly to avoid the extreme reaction of the acid with the water. Because, if excessive water was produced from the ethanolic solution of p-aminobenzoic acid, the sudden addition of large quantity of concentrated sulfuric acid could lead to extreme reaction with this excessive water, and result to a large amount of heat(exothermic). This is not safe and harmful in particular due to the use of concentrated sulphuric acid. In contrast, if acid was added as drops, the reaction will be still happening in the solution though will be limited only to a smaller extent. Therefore such procedure is preferable to maintain better control. Another advantage of using drop wise adding of the acid would permit us to control the acidity of the final resultant. Because, if the acid content is increased in the final solution the subsequent neutralization process happens in the presence of an alkaline would lead to an extreme reaction. Therefore adding drop wise acid is essential to control the acidity of the solution, so the stability of the reaction can be maintained throughout. The structure of the solid formed when the concentrated sulphuric acid is added to the solution of p-aminobenzoic acid Fischer esterification mechanism Why it is important that all of the solids dissolve during the reflux period for a good yield of product? The solid precipitate after cooling down could be unreached benzoic acid. i.e, not all the solvents are participated in the reaction to produce Benzocaine. This could happen if the amount of the ethanol is too low. But most of occasions this will be mainly due to the lack reaction between the available methanol. This can be however avoided by stirring the mixture to swift the reaction. Thus, in order to get good yield of ester, all the precipitants of the mixture have to be dissolved in the first place. However, this is not possible in most of the occasions. Why is it important to neutralize the reaction mixture during the work-up When acid is added to the reaction mixture after refluxing, the amino group is protonated, making it soluble in water. When the Na2CO3 is added, the proton is removed and makes the benzocaine is no longer soluble. Thus it begins to precipitate out of solution when the reaction mixture is neutralized. Thus it is important neutralize the moisture in order to filter out the ester from the mixture, which otherwise will be in a dissolved state hence would not be recoverable. Assuming it was necessary to add an additional portion of concentrated sulfuric acid, calculate about how much 10% aqueous sodium carbonate would be required to neutralize the reaction mixture. While the experiment 28.6 ml of sodium carbonate need to neutralized the 18M sulfuric acid. So the add of the other potion 0.5 ml of sulfuric acid What is the gas evolved during the neutralization? In presence of sulfuric acid p-amino benzoic acid reacts with ethanol to form ethyl p-aminobenzoate. The reaction medium contains the sulfuric acid and this was neutralized with sodium bicarbonate. Thus the gas evolved during the reaction between the acid and base is carbon dioxide (CO2).

Counter culture / Hackers Essay -- essays research papers

Why Hackers Do The Things They Do? Hackers. You know them as gangly kids with radiation tans caused by too many late nights in front of a computer screen. Evil beings who have the power to wipe out your credit rating, cancel your cable TV, raise your insurance premiums, and raid your social security pension. Individuals who always avert their eyes and mumble under their breath about black helicopters and CIA transmissions. Paranoid, social deviants who could start World War III from the privacy of their bedrooms. Or so the mainstream media would have you believe. In reality, most hackers are ordinary people with a great deal of curiosity, above-average skills with a computer, a good understanding of human nature, and plenty of time to kill. Hackers have no distinguishing characteristics. Your next-door neighbor could be a hacker, as could your niece or nephew, one of your co-workers, or even the kid who serves you coffee in the morning. Not all hackers are dangerous and out to destroy business or damage lives. The view of the general public toward hackers is mixed. A recent CNN-poll shows 33% of respondents labeling hackers as "useful," 17% seeing them "as a menace," and the majority (45%) seeing hackers as "both" useful and a menace (CNN, 1999). Why do hackers go through all the trouble to do what they do? Most people in society do not spend the time to break into computer systems. It does not have much appeal to them. Why then do certain people spend so much of their time and energy accomplishing these feats of technological wizardry? What is the cause that turns those mostly above-average intelligent people to pursue a criminal career, and destroy their otherwise very successful careers? Why do they commit these computer related crimes as an obsession? There are probably as many answers to that question as there are hackers (maybe more). It is important to realize that these people are individuals with their own hopes, fears, desires, and everything else that comes with being human. However, there are general patterns to the motivation behind the computer hacker's drive to manipulate technology. The problem of hacker motivation is probably one of the more interesting questions concerning this sub-culture (Hacker-Bible, 1995). Hackers rarely use information to gain wealth. This is not considered socially acceptable. C... ... models from the legitimate information security community. While it is wrong to stereotype hackers as evil people with malicious criminal intentions, they cannot be stereotyped as compassionate freedom fighters as the hackers like to see themselves. Hackers must also realize that the actions of criminals will always reflect poorly on the hacker community as a whole, until the hacker community tries to police itself, which will never happen. Their actions are by definition, criminal. They can suffer consequences, which include being criminally prosecuted and hated by the information security community. The information security profession must also be more visible in a way that gets children, before the hacker community gets them. Hacking can be very exciting for a teenager who can be considered a hero by others. Somehow the profession must get together to teach parents and schools that they must teach their children about hacking, before somebody else does. Work Cited: Chaos Computer Club (January 05, 1995) Hacker-Bible The New Hacker’s Dictionary (Online Edition, 1st edition) World Wide Web: http://www.outpost9.com/reference/jargon/jargon_toc.html SUBMITTED BY: Bzer118 Counter culture / Hackers Essay -- essays research papers Why Hackers Do The Things They Do? Hackers. You know them as gangly kids with radiation tans caused by too many late nights in front of a computer screen. Evil beings who have the power to wipe out your credit rating, cancel your cable TV, raise your insurance premiums, and raid your social security pension. Individuals who always avert their eyes and mumble under their breath about black helicopters and CIA transmissions. Paranoid, social deviants who could start World War III from the privacy of their bedrooms. Or so the mainstream media would have you believe. In reality, most hackers are ordinary people with a great deal of curiosity, above-average skills with a computer, a good understanding of human nature, and plenty of time to kill. Hackers have no distinguishing characteristics. Your next-door neighbor could be a hacker, as could your niece or nephew, one of your co-workers, or even the kid who serves you coffee in the morning. Not all hackers are dangerous and out to destroy business or damage lives. The view of the general public toward hackers is mixed. A recent CNN-poll shows 33% of respondents labeling hackers as "useful," 17% seeing them "as a menace," and the majority (45%) seeing hackers as "both" useful and a menace (CNN, 1999). Why do hackers go through all the trouble to do what they do? Most people in society do not spend the time to break into computer systems. It does not have much appeal to them. Why then do certain people spend so much of their time and energy accomplishing these feats of technological wizardry? What is the cause that turns those mostly above-average intelligent people to pursue a criminal career, and destroy their otherwise very successful careers? Why do they commit these computer related crimes as an obsession? There are probably as many answers to that question as there are hackers (maybe more). It is important to realize that these people are individuals with their own hopes, fears, desires, and everything else that comes with being human. However, there are general patterns to the motivation behind the computer hacker's drive to manipulate technology. The problem of hacker motivation is probably one of the more interesting questions concerning this sub-culture (Hacker-Bible, 1995). Hackers rarely use information to gain wealth. This is not considered socially acceptable. C... ... models from the legitimate information security community. While it is wrong to stereotype hackers as evil people with malicious criminal intentions, they cannot be stereotyped as compassionate freedom fighters as the hackers like to see themselves. Hackers must also realize that the actions of criminals will always reflect poorly on the hacker community as a whole, until the hacker community tries to police itself, which will never happen. Their actions are by definition, criminal. They can suffer consequences, which include being criminally prosecuted and hated by the information security community. The information security profession must also be more visible in a way that gets children, before the hacker community gets them. Hacking can be very exciting for a teenager who can be considered a hero by others. Somehow the profession must get together to teach parents and schools that they must teach their children about hacking, before somebody else does. Work Cited: Chaos Computer Club (January 05, 1995) Hacker-Bible The New Hacker’s Dictionary (Online Edition, 1st edition) World Wide Web: http://www.outpost9.com/reference/jargon/jargon_toc.html SUBMITTED BY: Bzer118

Martin Bernal and describes Essay

Black Athena is the works of Martin Bernal and describes the Afro-asiatic roots of classical civilization in ancient Greece. Martin examines the perception of ancient Greece in relation to its African and Asiatic neighbours especially in West Europe. This occurred in the 18th century onwards and exhibits the denial by the western academia and the influence of the Greek culture on civilization. In his work Bernin does not support the Greek civilization as being founded by the Aryan settlers whose trace is Europe. He gives proves as to the arguments of the famous great Grecian thinkers like Plato, Socrates and Aristotle that Phoenician civilization originally colonized Greece. In this basis he comes up with a theory based on the methodology of these historians and this theory states that Greece was colonized by northern invaders with their existing colony established in Phoenicia. (Moore, 2001) He uses several examples to explain that countries of Africa like Egypt and those on the west are being admired by prominent European leaders because of their historical backgrounds. The current Greek language spoken in classical Grecian world has its roots in the proto Greek language and influence from other Anatolian languages that were spoken nearby. The culture in Greece is believed to have been developed as a result of comparison of unity of elements. Bernam puts great emphasis on the elements of Africa that shaped the Grecian history. He compares the 19th and 20th century eurocentrism with the development of the western appropriation culture and its development. He argues that the western world influenced the Modern Greek language terming the contact between the indo European languages and the culturally influenced Egyptian and Semitic languages as very key in the determination of the modern Grecian culture and language. He gives examples of some words being used in the modern language of Greece to have been from these origins. He estimates the introduction of the Greek alphabet to have been between the period 1800 and 1400 BC. (Moore, 2001) Bernal came to the conclusion that the relationship between ancient Greek and Egyptian influence should not be taken lightly. His background traces to the interests he had on Egypt since childhood and the inspirations by his father. He is further encouraged to take this direction by the discovery of the works of Cyrus Gordon and Astour. Afrocentrism which is now the most felt model in the North American primary and secondary schools has been noted to be the most significant and challenging developments in higher education systems and curriculums. It’s a model which encompasses both multi cultural and Afro Hellenic orientations. This simply means that it’s grounded in ethnic and cultural diversity and the aspect that it is attributed to Africa. In contrast with the black Athena which attributes the development of modern Greece to the western world, the Afrocentric model attributes it to be an abstract, intellectual civilization which is grounded in the traditional orientations of western civilization. Bernal’s discovery of the black Athena is the modern thinking of how the Greek world came into being but has been criticized as not with definite reasons as afrocentric movement. His was of a different order that racist and anti Semitic scholars only showed the historical facts from the Bronze Age onwards making the culture of Greece to be a product of only Egyptians and Levantines. He argues that for the complete concealing of the origin of the Greek culture we need to consider the north of Athens and the medditerenian island of Crete, civilizations which took place in the third millennium. Bernal’s case is different from the afrocentric models because it rests upon on legend and myth. It relies upon the stories told by the ancient Greeks like Aristotle and Aristotle. He interprets these stories as the memories of the Egyptian and Phoenician developments. There is a critic about this however because we need to ask ourselves ‘of what benefit is myths and legends? ’ (Bernal, 1987) Bernal attributes archaeology, myth and linguistic borrowings as evidence to the development in Greece. The history and development of Greece is of much importance to the culture adopted today in Greece. Without the historical base Bernal suggests that tracing of the Greek history and civilization would be very complicated. Bernal claims that approximately 30% of Greek is of Semitic origin, 20% from Egyptian origin and the rest from the ancient Greek origin. Critics however have suggested that his demonstrations is only based on the resemblance merely and not the principles of linguistic adaptation. Bernal takes the similarity of a few words and tries to generalize. The afro centric orientation is based on the western world and argues that linguistic development in Greek civilization has been natural like the development of any other language. (Bernal, 1987) The contention that the Egyptians were the greatest civilization in history is critically opposed by the Afrocentrists. Afrocentrists view the Egyptians as only blacks who cannot contribute anything to the civilizations which took place especially in Greece. Bernal regarded the developments of Greeks like the scientific and mathematical orientations as very important movements. It’s however criticized by the afrocentrics as a total disregard of the facts of chronology. Conclusion The black Athena and the afrocentric movements have had an influence to the history and civilizations of the current Grecian histories. In our study of the two models we need to understand the fact that the current ancient civilization is as a result of amalgamation of the two models. Bernal in his book Black Athena: The afroasiantic roots of Classical civilization addresses the issues which have made the Greek world today be the way it is. Reference: Bernal, M. (1987) Black Athena: Afroasiantic roots of Classical Civilization, Rutgers University press. Moore, D. (2001) Black Athena writes back, Duke University press.

The Comparison of Poll Tax Country” to Black Like Me

â€Å"The Comparison of Poll Tax Country† to Black like Me John Griffin was a normal white man living an average life. He like many other whites knew that people of color were discriminated against, but he never really knew how much the color of one’s skin made a difference in the way people act. If Griffin had seen â€Å"poll tax country† he would have seen racism in a new light. Griffin’s experiment was to go down south as a colored man to learn the truth of how life was a black man. By look at the painting â€Å"Poll Tax Country,† one can see who had the power in early-1900s Southern society.After slavery blacks were still discriminated against and had to travel miles just to find a bathroom for blacks. â€Å"Poll Tax Country† shows a new perspective on how blacks were treated as people and how was each others back was the only thing that kept them going. In â€Å"Poll Tax Country,† a detail that stood out was the columns that held up the roof of the platform. One of the columns matches those of the Supreme Court and the White House. The different columns symbolize different branches and groups of people that came together to makes laws to keep blacks in debt in certain areas.The column have historical significance: columns have been used since the times of the ancient Egyptians and Romans. Both civilizations had slaves to build monuments that would withstand the test of time. Similarly, the people who built the New World were indentured servants who came to the New World with the hope of starting a new life. Slaves have played a big role in society as far back as the ancient Egyptians, building towns and monuments that still stand today. The columns connect to slavery – without slaves, many of today’s wonders might not exist.Slavery is a dark time in every society’s history. However, slaves had a major contribution to the forming of nations. The first slaves of this nation came with the s ettlers that came from England. As time when on, Africans were packed on ships and brought here to be sold into slavery. Many whites like John Griffin, knew about slavery and heard many stories about it. However, in the 1940’s they never understood the extent of racism down south. When John Griffin went down south as a black man the way he was treated was very different from how he was treated as a white man.As a white man masked in black he was able to see how black people really interacted with each other. Also, he was able to see how whites really saw blacks and how they interacted with them. As one white hunter who gave Griffin a ride in Alabama said, â€Å"I’ll tell you how it is here. We’ll do business with you people. We’ll sure as hell screw your women. Other than that, you’re just completely off the record as far as we’re concerned. †(Griffin111). Griffin described this man as an ordinary, respectable family man. It is only t o black people that he revealed his ugly, racist sickness.Sadly, his words reflect the attitude of many white racists in the South. What John Griffin learned that day was very important because although slaves did the work, they are not glorified in textbooks and were mostly forgotten. John Griffin talked about how an educated black that could afford to vote, answered many questions that many people would not know how to answer; he did not get to vote because the government work would give him a poll test he could not pass. The court system was not always fair and laws were made to keep African Americans from voting so whites could keep control.In â€Å"poll tax country,† in the middle of the gazebo among all the different people is a priest. A man of god that should fair to all people is on the side of the men trying to keep you down. They had no god or person to turn to in their darkest hour African American were being squeezing down on to feel pressured. As slaves, they ca nnot not trust outsiders; they had to live in packs and work back to back. In the picture the works were almost on top of each working an area that could be manned by two to three people at the max. doesn’t make sense. This was a gang – they worked together and protected each other to survive.John Griffin saw many things in his experiment that put things into perspective. As a black man he was degraded by whites who felt that they were superior to him. Society strived to keep African Americans controlled so whites would remain dominant. Down south that made it hard for blacks to vote, get good jobs, or even use public bathroom. The whites that cashed their cash always seemed to need more that what was on the check. Doesn’t make sense the poor working black was always in debt. Griffin brought up a story about a well educated black man who wanted to vote but was never able o because the official gave him a test that was unfair and they both knew that he would not pass it. â€Å"I can read the headline†¦ It says this one negro in Mississippi who’s not going to get to vote this year. † (Griffin, 81). In this joke by P. D. East about the voting rights for blacks in the South, a black man who wants to vote is given a newspaper in Chinese in order to test his literacy. East tells the joke to shine a light on the problem facing blacks being prohibited from voting in the South. By preventing blacks from voting, whites removed their voice in matters.This way the law stayed on the side of the whites, and blacks never had a chance to make changes. In the painting, a congressman stands in front preaching to the people and filling their heads with empty words. However, shadowing the congress man is a KKK member that looks as if he is in control of what the congressman says. The audience has stopped listening to the words they have heard many times before. They have lost hope in their government that represents only the white people, k nowing that the people who lynch them are the same ones who hold public offices.Many have lost hope in seeing the change that they were promised, still working like slaves 90 years after the Civil War. John Griffin had never known how blacks felt about politicians because he had never faced laws that made it harder to get by everyday as a white man. To him the government was a government by the people for the people, but in fact government was mostly run by white, racists and even members of the KKK. Being black showed Griffin the double standards of this government of, for, and by the people.As a white man he could go to white facilities or black facilities if he chose, and he could enter, do, and say as he pleases. However, as a black man he could only go to black facilities and he had to respect whites. A white man when into a black facility on day and put up a file stating that any black man willing to bring young black female to them will get paid. The fact that white men had t he power to do such things is degrading both to a man as well as to the entire African- race. While whites were promoting pimping and prostitution, the government was simply looking the other way.However, the government imposed a steep fine on hunting alligators. The fact that a poor sawmill worker who lived on the swamp with his wife and six children could not hunt the alligators endangered his family every day: â€Å"I’ll tell you—if we don’t have meat to cook with the beans, why she just goes ahead and cooks the beans anyhow. † (Griffin111). When Griffin traveled through the rural swamp country in Alabama, he met a poor black sawmill worker who offered him a place to stay on the floor of his shack. Griffin is touched by the man’s generosity.The man and his wife are thankful for what they have. If there is no meat to cook, the man notes, his wife doesn’t complain; she just serves beans. Realistically, the man has enough meat around his hom e to feed his family for many years to come. However, because governments know that most blacks would benefit from alligator meat, they impose fines that whites could afford to pay off but not blacks. That night John Griffin thought of his kids and how they were living right now, and how if he and his family were not white they too might be reduced to this squalid standard of living.Griffin had been black for a couple of weeks and was sick to his stomach from his experience he couldn’t handle it anymore. Blacks had to handle much abuse from whites that want to keep controlling them on a daily basis but yet they stood strong to the end. â€Å"Black like me† and â€Å"Poll Tax Country† share many ideas of what racism was really like down south. John Griffins experiment showed how a normal, kind-looking family man could become so cruel to another human due to the color of the skin. He showed how the government squeezed down on anyone that was not white by any means available.Blacks could not turn for help from the government, or the even the men of god. They were made into second class citizens that had little to no rights and every apportioned was give to white society. Courts were run by whites who were prejudice, the government was filled with racists and the rest was manipulated by the very men that felt they were the only one’s fit to roam the lands. Blacks were being degraded to keep their hopes down and to control them. Keeping control by making them second class citizens and in debt there whole life makes them less likely to rebel because they would feel less likely to win.